Wedding Ceremony

Statement of Intention Pastor Price- We are gathered here today in the presence of these witnesses, to join Jennifer Anastasia Julia Littleton and Rodney Stewart Sterry II in holy matrimony. This rite of marriage in which you now come to be united is the first and most blessed tradition of mankind. A union setting forth such an ideal is not to be entered into hastily or without due consideration, but reverently, discretely, advisedly and in the sight of God. I require and charge you both that the vows you take this day are sacred above words, and that your lives hereafter shall be bound together unbreakably.For the security of your marriage will not rest in the rite or ritual of any Church, nor in the words of any pastor or priest. The security of your marriage will lie in the true character of your soul, in the steadfastness of your devotion, and in the love you posses in your heart. Giving of the Bride Pastor Price- Doubly blessed is the couple which comes to the marriage altar wit h the approval and blessings of their families and friends. Who has the honor of presenting this woman to this man? Michael Littleton- I doPastor Price- If any person can show just cause why these two shall not be joined together let them speak now or forever hold their peace. Sermon Pastor Price- In 1 Corinthians 13:4-8 the Apostle Paul beautifully guides us in the underlying meaning of love. Paul tells us that: love is patient and love is kind. It is not jealous, boastful or proud. It is not rude, self-seeking, or easily angered. It keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices in the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres. Love never fails.Love bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things and endures all things. Rodney and Jennifer, as a couple you need to experience and understand the kind of love God has provided to keep your marriage vital, growing, and safe. The expressions of God’s love needed for a rock solid, invincible marriage are : †¢ Forgiving love – heals hurts and helps spouses feel accepted and connected †¢ Serving love – discovers and meets the needs and helps each other feel honored and understood †¢ Persevering love – stays strong in tough times and helps you both feel as bonded friends for life Guarding love – protects from threats and helps you both to feel safe and secure †¢ Celebrating love rejoices in the marriage relationship and helps you to feel cherished and captivated †¢ Renewing love refreshes and supports the marriage bond and helps you both to feel confident and rooted Rodney and Jennifer, the quality of love and the duration of your marriage will be in direct proportion to the depth of your commitment. May your love grow throughout the years and continue to be the expression of your commitment to each other. Remember – LOVE NEVER FAILSDeclaration of Consent Pastor Price- Rodney, will you have this woman to be you’re lawfully wedded wife, to live together according to God’s word in this holy estate of matrimony? Will you love her, comfort her, support her, honor her and keep her in sickness and in health; forsaking all others, keep yourself only to her, so long as you both shall live? Rodney Sterry- I will Pastor Price- And Jennifer, will you have this man to be you’re lawfully wedded husband, to live together according to God’s word in this holy estate of matrimony?Will you love him, comfort him, support him, honor him and keep him in sickness and in health; forsaking all others, keep yourself only to him, so long as you both shall live? Jennifer Littleton- I will Exchange of Rings Pastor Price- Though small in size, these rings are very large in significance. Made of precious metal, they remind us that love is not cheap nor easily found. Made in a circle, their design tells us that love must never come to an end; we must always keep it conti nuous. As you wear these rings, may they serve as constant reminders of the promises you are making today. Marriage VowsPastor Price- Rodney, take this ring and place it upon Jennifer’s hand and repeat after me. I, Rodney; Take you Jennifer; To be my lawfully wedded wife; To have and to hold; To love and to cherish; For better or for worse; Enduring prosperity and impoverishment; In sickness and in health; Through conflict and tranquility; From this day forward; Until death do us part. Pastor Price- Jennifer, take this ring and place it upon Rodney’s hand and repeat after me. I, Jennifer; Take you Rodney; To be my lawfully wedded wife; To have and to hold; To love and to cherish; For better or for worse;Enduring prosperity and impoverishment; In sickness and in health; Through conflict and tranquility; From this day forward; Until death do us part. Prayer Pastor Price- offers a prayer of strength and blessing over the couple’s marriage. Pronouncement of Marriage By the power vested in me I now pronounce you husband and wife. Kiss Rodney you may now kiss your bride. Parting Message May the grace of God , surround and strengthen you both so that you may live in faith, abound in hope and grow in love, both now and forevermore. What God has joined together this day, let no man break apart.

Traditions of Tatarstan

Family relations of the Tatars developed in a complex way. Family based on old principles, with some elements of woman's seclusion, traditionally dominated. The wedding and birth of a child were the most significant family events. The wedding through courtship was most widespread. The choice of a bride was made by groom's parents, then the matchmaker was sent. After the agreements, bride's relatives began to prepare for the wedding. A day before the wedding, groom's parents sent ransom and gifts to the bride. During the wedding and at the wedding dinner, bridegrooms were absent, represented by their fathers. The birth of a child was a joyful event. Tatar enlightener and historian Kayum Nasyri describes this custom as follows: When all guests arrive, the child is brought on a pillow to the mullah. He asks the parents how to name the child. The mullah prays, then repeats three times: â€Å"Let your precious name be †¦ â€Å". Each visitor is given honey and oil. Being treated, he puts as much money on a tray, as he can†. In some families, the wedding ceremonies – ransom for the bride (kalym), bride's dowry (birne), religious ceremony of wedding (nikah) and others -remain bright and interesting to our days. Ceremonies and holidays express the emotional and aesthetic life of the people. Celebratory culture of the Tatars traditionally included both religious (Kurban-bairam, Uraza-bairam, Ramadan) and secular holidays celebrated in a certain season. The calendar cycle of national holidays and ceremonies of the Tatar people begins with Nauruz celebrated on the day of the spring. It symbolizes updating Nauruz was followed by the time of spring sowing – the most beautiful season, when the Sabantui festival was arranged. Its history is as old as our people. The earliest evidences of Sabantui are dated of 921. Preparation to the holiday started two weeks in advance. Sabantui is traditionally celebrated. Sabantuy is one of the most ancient national holidays. It is celebrated in honour of the spring sowing. It is the most favorite holiday among people † . Maydan is the culmination of the holiday, where people compete in bags jumping, pot braking with closed eyes, pulling of a rope, horse riding etc The main distinctive element of Sabantuy is koras (Tatar wrestling) The winner gets alive ram. Muslim holidays were especially esteemed. Kurban-bairam is the most significant one. It is a holiday of sacrifice in memory of Prophet Ibrahim's willingness sacrifice his son for the sake of Allah. Kurban Bairam is a religious holiday of a sacrifice. It begins in 70 days after Ramazan and lasts for 3 days. Each Moslem must kill a ram and distribute its meat among poor people Uraza-bairam is celebrated at the end of a 30-day fast in Ramadan. Having tried sweets in the morning, Muslims go to the mosque, and in the evening arrange the family feast. Since 1992 two religious holidays Kurban-bairam and Christmas are included in Tatarstan's calendar of public holidays. It is impossible to imagine cultural life of Kazan without the Day of the City, which is celebrated on August 30. On this day, cities and villages of the republic flourish, all multinational Tatarstan people get together to see the festival open-air performance with historical customs and traditions, horse races, national wrestling, ensembles of ancient instruments and folklore groups performances. The holiday is ended with a big colorful firework. The Republic of Tatarstan enjoys the richest traditional and cultural heritage. Today the life of Republic combines both ancient traditions and the present. It is a memory of the past and aspiration to the future.

The Italian Renaissance: Review Sheet

Unit One: The Italian Renaissance Review Sheet 1. People to know: -Savonarola-gained power in Florence in 1494. Exercised strict rule until overthrown in 1498 -Julius II-The Warrior Pope. Led armies against the French and Venetians -Tudors (why powerful? )- Edward IV? Richard II? Henry VII. Used Star Chamber against nobles and Henry VII rebuilt monarchy -Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile (Inquisition why? )-Marriage created union of Spain. Completed Reconquista and Inquisition? anti-Semitism -Charles V/Hapsburg- Holy Roman Emperor. 1521: Habsburg-Valois Wars? Battlefield was often Italy -Mirandola- Oration of the Dignity of Man -â€Å"Renaissance popes†- Became increasingly secular . Nicholas V? Pius II ? Sixtus IV? Alexander Vi? Julius II? Leo X 2. Vocabulary: converses, hermanades, Renaissance, oligarchies, signori, commune, popolo (what did they want? /what was their condition? ), humanism, secularism, individualism, Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, infanticide/foundling hospitals, Medici Family (how they got their wealth), Quattrocento 3. Art: How artists were viewed, how they viewed medieval past, Michelangelo, Ghiberti, Raphael, Da Vinci, patrons (why support artists? , Brunelleschi (Dome of St. Peter’s), Jan Van Eyck 4. Printing Press: changes it brought, when? Who? 5. New Monarchs: Who supported? Who resisted? , Charles VII of France centralizing efforts, tactics of the English kings (Henry VII and Henry VIII) to gain power, Star Chamber, Ferdinand and Isabella tactics, Iberian Peninsula, War of the Roses 6. Ideas: Vie w of rape in Renaissance; view of black slaves; women in the Renaissance/upper class versus ordinary women; source of wealth of Italian communes 7. Writers: Castiglione (The Book of the Courtier), Machiavelli (The Prince/views), Dante (Divine Comedy), Petrarch, Laura Cereta (women ideas), Peter Paul Vergerio (education), Lorenzo Valla (textual criticism), Boccaccio (The Decameron), Erasmus (In Praise of Folly/ideas), 8. Northern Renaissance: Thomas More (Utopia/ideas), Christopher Marlowe, Nicholas Copernicus (Polish astronomer), How differ from Italian Renaissance? 9. Characteristics of Italian Renaissance: Greek/Roman (Latin), individual city states (list), Florence, secular, civic affairs, curiosity, powerful families, manners/morals, how did it end? , crisis in the 14th C, wars

Medieval Peasants Were More Important Than Monks And Knights Essay

Medieval Peasants Were More Important Than Monks And Knights - Essay Example Daily lives of the three social classes explain their relative significance in medieval society. Peasants belonged to the lowest social class and were despised, despite their contribution to society and their direct help to members of the higher social classes. Even though peasants were not entitled to large pieces of land, they had an opportunity to own land from their respective lords. They could offer labor as a price for ownership and this meant that as long as a peasant could work and be motivated towards land ownership, they could own as much land as their efforts could allow. Consequently, the peasants could meet their needs from land ownership, especially with respect to basic needs and this established significant equivalence between members of the social class and members of higher social classes. ...it activates in the absence of the monks and the knights while the monks and the knights could not offer labor into some of the society’s economic activities.1 Understan ding the roles that the monks and the Knights played in the society also explains the relative significance of the peasants over monks and knights. Core objectives of the monks, as their three main vows suggest, were to ensure eradication of poverty, to ensure chastity, and to ensure obedience. Unlike the peasants who offered labor in an almost capitalistic scope and therefore ensured production of goods and services towards their master’s desired volumes, the monk's economic activities focus on eliminating poverty but not wealth creation. These factors identify more economic significance peasants than the monks because the monks economic activities were limited to â€Å"necessary supplies of vegetables and grain†.2 The monks’ other points of focus, chastity, and obedience, are also secondary needs and this identifies more significance of the peasants in resource creation towards meeting people’s basic needs. The monks’ areas of operation were also limited to monasteries while the peasants contributed to a wider scope of the society. Lives and functions of knights were also limited to the lives and interests of the noble class and not on the community’s basic needs. members of the social class focused on wars that their lords fought and spent most of their times preparing their weapons and keeping themselves fit to defend their lords from possible attacks and to attack enemies as deemed by the lords.

Media relations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Media relations - Assignment Example Families and children are matched in a bid to establish the very best family for every child. The volunteer couples are expected to donate their time and emotions for the children. Every volunteer couple will perform the duty of parents in the Virtual Family Program, and pay frequent visits on a weekly basis to their proposed child for his care and emotional fulfillment. After the completion of nine months of frequent visits, the couple will be eligible to take the child for any recreational visit they like for mutual acquaintance. The objective is to make sure a successful experience for both the child and the family. The Virtual Program will offer a social incubator to create usual and cultured members of community. The volunteer’s couples adopt the child if he accepts them as parents. Consequently, to become the adoptive parent they will have to fulfill the psychiatrist. Thus, the adoptive children may continue their stay at the Sweet Home Orphanage as long as they desire. the first interview session will be carried out May 21, 2013 between 09:00 hours to 15: 00 hrs at Hotel Stanford, 43 West 32nd Street, New York City, NY 10001. Those volunteer couples who are interested can Email info@shorphanage.org, Telephone: Toll Free (800) 365-7779 for further inquiry. We welcome the opportunity to respond to your questions, and offer more

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 7

Economics - Essay Example Malthusian economics posits that the world economy is in danger as that the arithmetic growth of food production cannot keep up with exponential growth in population. What he fails to anticipate is the rapid technological improvement which significantly improved productivity. The present world situation becomes a proof of how technology has improved the efficiency among economies. It should be noted that technologically advanced countries like United States and Japan enjoys high level of production compared to their less advanced counterparts. The change in technology can be illustrated as a shift in the production possibility frontier. With technological advancement, processes in the value chain are conducted more efficiently. Mechanizing processes even necessitates the employment of less human resources which can significantly slash production costs. These resources can then be channeled to the production of other goods. In order to prescribe a solution for the problem of unemployment, it is important that its causes should be first laid out and fully understood. There are basically four types of unemployment each with different causes. This section will examine how to efficiently create jobs and reduce demand-deficient unemployment. Demand-deficient unemployment occurs when there is not enough demand to employ all those who want to work. It is also known as cyclical unemployment as it directly varies with business cycles. It can be noted that when the economy is booming, there is a strong demand for employees from various firms. This will cause a low level of demand-deficient unemployment level. However, during times of recession, demand for labor will drop thereby causing an increase in demand-deficient unemployment. Economic growth and unemployment are seen to be inversely related. As the economy grows, more jobs are created and unemployment declines.

Communication Research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communication Research - Assignment Example The authors, through extensive literature review, have supported the capability of blogs as the new channel of reporting news without the added pressure or constraints of censorship or advertising which often tend to limit / restrict the scope of conventional news media. With this argument the authors have claimed that blogs are relatively better and more reliable source of news since they have the ability and the resources to offer deep and unbiased perspective and analysis of any given situation through modern corporate and mainstream outlets. In order to substantiate their claims the authors have used critical discourse analysis and content analysis whereby a total of 344 posts, 1712 hyperlinks and 10,401 comments from diverse types of blogs including those featuring political and current events over a period of one week. Constructs used: The key constructs used in the study include - blogs as an extension of 1960s ‘new journalism’; the capability of blogs to offer un biased news without the constraints of censorship and the pressures of advertisers; and the manner in which current event blogs interconnect with mainstream and alternative media. The key hypotheses tested include: H1: Political news blogs will link to alternative news sources more than to mainstream news sources H2: Political news blogs will link to opposite-minded current event blogs more than they link to like-minded blogs H3: Political news blogs will link to unofficial sources, such as personal websites and blogs, mainstream and alternative news blogs and alternative news sources more than to official sources, such as government websites and mainstream outlets Operational definitions: Mainstream news sources – are described to include conventional forms of media which are formulaic, reductive, and created with an intention to maximize viewership through pack-journalism. Alternative news sources – are described as any new media produced by non-commercial sources an d created / operated with the purpose of challenging and critiquing the existing power structures Official news sources – are described in this study, to include government websites and mainstream outlets Unofficial news sources – are described in this study to include personal websites and blogs Research Method: The key objective of this study was to substantiate the key hypotheses listed in the study and establish the superiority, legitimacy and credibility of new emerging forms of blogging especially current event and political news blogging over the mainstream journalism. For this purpose the method chosen by the researchers was critical discourse and content analysis whereby a total of 344 posts, 1,712 hyperlinks and 10,401 comments from four political/current events blogs within a seven-day period were analysed. The blogs used for this study were chosen through Tailrank - a meme tracker that uses advanced algorithm to rank blogs, and suggests recommendations base d on a range of factors. Considering the type of this research, the research tool used for selecting blogs via the news tracking device such as Tailrank is apt. Research has supported the credibility of such

Analysis of a Media Contested Family, Neighbourhood or Community Essay

Analysis of a Media Contested Family, Neighbourhood or Community - Essay Example Tyler Clementi’s case was handled in an inconclusive manner. The consensus was still not reached as to who what was to be done to the perpetrators in this case, how should the society and the family react and the overall judicial process for bringing people to justice. According to the comments gathered from leading online sources as well as the media covering Tyler Clementi’s case, it can be gathered that it was a case of intolerance from all quarters. The perpetrators identified as Ravi and his friend circle were definitely the major culprits in their sinister acts which lead to the suicide, but equally to blame were Tyler’s parents who failed to treat Clementi’s gender disorder case with care and adequate sensitivity. From all the online commentaries and expert reviews as well as public sentiment the rhetoric can be analysed to be a sentiment that blames the entire system including the judiciary, the academic system, society and family also.

Is it necessary to use both demand and supple side policies to manage Coursework

Is it necessary to use both demand and supple side policies to manage the uk economy - Coursework Example Conversely, the supply side policies are key in the determination of the long term growth of the UK’s productivity. As is asserted by the literature of Keynes, the belief in his work was that whether the government distributed money to its consumers, the result would be demand for more commodities. This will result in creating incentive for the suppliers to provide more commodities. This implies that the major drive for economic growth is the demand (consumers). In relevance to this, for the optimal management of the economy of the United Kingdom, and for the economy to realize an increase in the GDP, the government should embrace the demand side policies. In addition, the government, should extensively and effectively focus on how to raise the expenditure of the average citizen. Demand side policies have the objective to cause a rise in the aggregate demand. If there exist negative production gap, the demand side policies are crucial in increasing the level of the economy. Conversely, if the economy of a country, in this case, the UK economy is at its full capacity in the rate of growth, inflation will be the consequence of a further rise in the aggregate demand (AD), as illustrated in the diagram 1 (Freeman, 2006, pg. 123). Among the aspects of the demand side policies which can control the economy is the monetary policy. The monetary policy is the basic instrument that can influence the activities of the economy. To increase the aggregate demand, the rate of interest can only be lowered by either the Central Bank or government (Langdana, 2009,p.27). A decrease in the rates of the interest lowers the cost of taking loans, increasing investment incentives, and expenditure by the consumers. Conversely, a decrease in the interest rates lowers the need to make savings, and instead creating attractiveness for spending. In addition, as a result of reduced

Outline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Outline - Essay Example The introduction part points out that some of the basic economic factors like price, income and unemployment can largely affect the whole social and political systems within a country. The body part of the paper analyses aggregate demand curve and aggregate supply curve, with emphasis on how price and other determinants like technology, consumer spending and wealth, exchange rate, investment and government spending etc affect aggregate demand and aggregate supply curve. With the help of diagram, the paper emphasizes that the curve of aggregate demand will always be downward sloping because of major three factors that are real-balance effect, interest rate effect and foreign purchase effects (McConnel and Brue, 194- 195). With the help of both short run and long run aggregate supply curves, the paper addressed key factors that can shift the curves. The paper concludes with opinions from author’s point of view and with suggestions for conducting further analysis on the effects of exchange rates and impacts of unused resources on long run aggregate supply

Strong relationships Essay Example for Free

Strong relationships Essay Dreams can be described as reflections, unconscious wishes, and a by-product of mental house keeping or interpreted as a brain activity. Guiley (1998) says, â€Å"Dreams are the inner powers that project out creativity which has changed lives†. All these descriptions may be true or false depending on which type of the dream that has occurred during the night. In is interesting that a greater percentage of dreams occur at night. Then the question is why do many dreams occur at night? Noticeably, this it the time of resting and every body part or organ rest or relax. This means organs like the heart, lungs and the brain do not rest but they relax. Therefore, this time of the day, that is during rest some crucial brain activity goes on and in many occasions it is a reflection of what might have happened during the day. There are many types of dreams, some of them turn out to be nightmares where some people may walk at night, others scream and few have lucid dreams for instance some people dream of playing football and they throw legs at night as if they are kicking the ball they had watched or they had played during the day whereby some end up kicking anything near them only to be awakened and find they are not injured. Other dreams may be about relationships especially among lovers. Parker (1999) says, â€Å"There is believe that the mind consists of three things that is the ego, the super ego and the id. The unconscious side that is the id consists of instinctive drives called pleasure principle† et al Freud (2001) agrees, â€Å"that most desires expressed in dreams are sexual†. This is may be the reason why people experience sexual arousal and wet dreams. There are strong relationships between physiological theories and psychological theories. It has been concluded by the scientists that many dreams occur during the Rapid Eye Movement (REM). Every person dreams, right from the toddlers or infants to the aged but dreams differ. This means a teenager’s dreams may not be same as of the elderly dreams. Averagely everybody dreams every night but the intensity of the dreams differ depending on the reflective stance of the brain at that time. Time is also a factor for dreams, some dreams are short and others are long winded depending on the time taken in dreaming. Parker (1999) observes that, â€Å"a dream takes roughly 30- 45 minutes and those awakened during the REM are able to remember or recall their dream at that moment†. Some dreams are so vivid that they can be revealed immediately a person wakes up. Many of the dreams are forgotten before or immediately a person wakes up. Them memory plays an integral role on dream remembrance as Christos (2003) concurs, â€Å"Neural network models suggest that memories are constantly competing with each other, they change with time and some memories are easily displaced† Dreams are extremely important in many ways, for instance, prophets during the ancient times were able to discern events to come and or befall people or a community through dreams. Lukeman (2001) says that, â€Å"in some dreams, we tap into prophecy and other kinds of information that cannot be known in the ordinary sense. † Parker (1999) agrees that, â€Å"whether old superstitions can help you see the future is questionable but a great deal of empirical evidence suggest that dreams can be prophetic. The most interesting dreams of the future can come through a phenomenon called lucid dreams. † A good number of musicians confess that their greatest musical hits appeared in dreams at night. One day I dreamt on how to manufacture a pistol and if I had the time I could have drawn the sketch just the way I saw it in the dream but unfortunately three day passed and I forgot the whole sketch. The dream came about after one of the family members had regularly thwarted my good plans to go overseas for further studies. So, I was extremely annoyed and I could think of any way to eliminate him. Luckily I did not do it and today the family member is a good neighbor. This dream falls under the psychological theory. I had suffered psychological torture after losing a golden chance to go overseas for further studies. Therefore good things produce good dreams while bad and stressful things cause bad or evil dreams. Conclusion Dreams are essential for psychological and physiological aspects of life. Lukeman (2001) says, â€Å"Dreams are crucial to every day health and well being. Studies have shown that bizarre things start to happen when people are prevented from dreaming. Things like confusion, exhaustion and physical illnesses start to manifest. † References: Christos, G. (2003). Memory and Dreams: The Creative Human Mind. New York: University of New South Wales. Freud, S. (2001). On dreams. New York: Dover Publications. Parker, C. H. (1999). The Hidden Meaning of Dreams. Carlsbad: Sterling Publishers Guiley, R. H. (1998). Dreamwork for the Soul. Boston: New York: Berkely Trade Publishers. Lukeman, A. (2001). What Your Dreams Can Teach You. New York: M. Evans and Company Inc.

The Great awakening Essay Example for Free

The Great awakening Essay The Great Awakening as a marker for a cultural and religious upheaval did not appear immediately, but in scholastic research on religion in the eighteenth century, the time reflects the complexity of attitudes toward, and consequences of, religious activity in the African American communities. Taken in total, the landscape of Black Christian images presented a vast picture, still incompletely realized, from the earlier and persistent view of a monolithic vision accepted by many. Possibly only to save a few rationalists or extremists could see a different scenario. After his own religious conversion, Richard joined the Methodist Society, began attending classes, and evangelized his friends and neighbors. Richard and his brothers attended classes every week and meetings every other Thursday. A. M. E. leaders began to use both written biographical materials and public commemorations of Allens life to instill a sense of history and tradition among the largely illiterate masses. Their complementary use of public commemorations and written accounts of Allens life during this period suggest a more general attempt among Black leaders to bridge the overlapping worlds of morality and literacy in order to establish a sense of tradition, an empowering historical memory, and a pantheon of Black heroes who might one day gain their rightful place in the national pantheon. (Conyers, 1999) Notwithstanding its name, the AME Church was clearly the most respectable and orthodox of black American independent churches. While some recognizably African elements surfaced in services, AME leaders tended to disdain if not actively to suppress those beliefs and practices that scholars today celebrate as signs of Africas persistence in the New World. The whole point of racial vindication was to demonstrate blacks capacity to uphold recognized standards in their personal and collective lives and thereby to hasten abolition and full inclusion in American society. Surely people interested in connections between black America and Africa should look elsewhere than the AME Church. Historically, the first separate denominations to be formed by African Americans in the United States were Methodist. The early black Methodist churches, conferences, and denominations were organized by free black people in the North in response to stultifying and demeaning conditions attending membership in the white-controlled Methodist Episcopal churches. This independent church movement of black Christians was the first effective stride toward freedom by African Americans. Unlike most sectarian movements, the initial impetus for black spiritual and ecclesiastical independence was not grounded in religious doctrine or polity, but in the offensiveness of racial segregation in the churches and the alarming inconsistencies between the teachings and the expressions of the faith. It was readily apparent that the white church had become a principal instrument of the political and social policies under girding slavery and the attendant degradation of the human spirit. In all fairness, without exception, Richard Allen embodied the assertive free-black culture that was maturing in the North by the 1830s. Despite criticisms of his domineering manner and personal ambition, Allen had attained by the time of his death in 1831, a position of respect among his people that was rivaled by very few of his contemporaries.

Relaxation Therapy: Intervention Evaluation

Relaxation Therapy: Intervention Evaluation Part Two: Report and Discussion of Therapeutic Intervention Reflection on Feedback from Part 1 The discussion around the implementation of relaxation therapy in the chosen setting was quite detailed, because there were a number of people who raised issues which were important for managing the implementation. The first issue raised was the nature and type of the relaxation, which also related to a discussion of expertise in relation to providing relaxation of this type. Relaxation has been proven to be effective in a number of clinical scenarios (Hyman et al, 1989). However, questions were raised about the exact nature of the relaxations to be used – were these to be progressive muscle relaxations, guided visualisation, or free visualisation (Lehrer et al, 1988)? There are significant differences in the effects of different kinds of approaches to relaxation and visualisation (Galvin et al, 2006; Gerdner, 2000; Sellers, 2005). Questions were also raised about how well the intervention could be evaluated if there were different techniques being used. Therefore, one of the changes that was made was to devise a limited number of relaxation exercises and to only use these within the clinical setting. These were therefore limited to one progressive muscle relaxation exercise, and one guided visualisation, using very neutral imagery. There was no attempt at more complex therapeutic intervention. The issues raised about competence and expertise in providing these relaxation therapies were therefore addressed, and there was not need to seek out extra training or support in specific relaxation therapies. Further feedback identified a need to explore more evidence about relaxation therapies, particularly for this kind of client group, and in health interventions in particular. Therefore, a further search of the literature, extending back further chronologically as well as looking more widely, was carried out, and such literature reviewed as part of the process of evaluation of the intervention. A clear framework, rationale and evidence base for the selected therapeutic intervention Relaxation therapies have found a broad range of uses in healthcare practice. In this client group, there is evidence to suggest that relaxation therapies would be beneficial, simply because they can help the older adult retain cognitive function and memory function (Galvin et al, 2006). Galvin et al (2006) describe the relaxation response in terms of a physiologic response that can counter the bio-chemical responses to anxiety which can affect the cognitive functions of the older adult. In order to achieve this Relaxation Response, a range of therapies can be used. â€Å"Numerous techniques, including progressive muscle relaxation, meditation, guided imagery, biofeedback, the pre-suggestion phase of hypnosis, deep breathing exercises, autogenic training, tai chi, Qi gong and yoga can elicit the relaxation response† (Galvin et al, 2006 p 187). Obviously, a number of these techniques would require specialist training and specialist provision, and most likely, a private, designated and appropriate place in which to carry out the intervention. However, Gal vin et al’s (2006) research does suggest that progressive muscle relaxation and guided imagery are effective techniques for inducing the relaxation response. Improving memory function in older adults who mental illness might be particularly beneficial and might help to reduce anxiety. Conrad and Roth (2007) discuss the use of progressive muscle relaxation in providing therapy for anxiety disorders. Conrad and Roth (2007) define muscle relaxation therapy as â€Å"an abbreviated therapy based on Jacobson’s original PMR, which included in its training procedure first tensing a muscle and then releasing that tension.† (p 244). They describe progressive muscle relaxation therapy as being based on the idea that tense, stressed, and anxious people can find some symptomatic and ongoing relief from their distress and the physiological responses which accompany it, by learning to reduce muscle tension within the body (Conrad and Roth, 2007).† A modern theoretical rationale for MRT is that an important element of psychological distress is elicitation of a generalized stress activation response, comprising multiple central and peripheral physiological systems †¦ [and] learning to deactivate a single subsystem, the muscular system, will reduce activati on in many other subsystems† (Conrad and Roth, 2007 p 244). Ost (1987) echoes these findings. Conrad and Roth’s (2007) review of the literature demonstrates clear physiological responses to muscle relaxation which have a number of health benefits, in reducing the effects of anxiety on the body and brain, and controlling the body’s response. Yu et al (2007) show that relaxation therapy reduces physiologic distress in patients with cardiovascular disease, and has beneficial effects on recovery. It could be assumed, from these findings, that similar physiological responses to relaxation therapy would be beneficial to the ageing body systems as well as to the psychological state and wellbeing of the older adult. Gerdner (2000) addresses the issue of distress and agitation and confusion in the elderly patient with Alzheimer’s disease, and looks at relaxation music as a means of improving these symptoms. Gerdner (2000) found that individualised relaxation music (music of preference to the patient) was very effective in reducing agitation and confusion. It would be appropriate, therefore, to provide a range of music for the patients receiving the intervention here, and this was tailored to patient preferences over time, looking at responses from patients, and asking patients and their carers about preferences. Although this can be difficult to implement in a group setting, it was also a useful adjunct to the relaxation sessions and could be used by patients when they practised the techniques individually. Murray (2008) found that relaxation techniques were of therapeutic benefit to patients with neurogenic disorders, including Parkinson’s disease. O’Conor et al (2008) found that this kind of behavioural treatment of psychologic disturbance in dementia was effective, but in the shorter term, and so the benefits were time-limited. Staal et al (2007) also found such behavioural interventions effective in dementia patients. However, this author believes that the therapies can continue to be of benefit to patients if they can learn to apply them independently, or if they are continued as a regular part of ongoing care. Other kinds of relaxation have been found to be particularly beneficial in elderly care, including animal-assisted therapy for dementia in the older adult (Filan and Llewellyn Jones, 2006; Sellers, 2005). All such interventions require is a dedicated practitioner to implement and evaluate them, and the facilities to carry them out. However, the literature is li mited on the use of such therapeutic interventions in the kind of setting I planned to use them in. A discussion of the process of the application and an evaluation of the outcome of the intervention in the practice area. This should include objective and subjective feedback from the person(s) involved In line with the planning of this intervention, the author devised two relaxation protocols to take place in a 16 bedded functional ward for adults over the age of 65 who suffer from a range of mental health illnessess, such as bi polar disorder, shizophrenia, depression, anxiety and onset dementia. The first protocol was a progressive muscle relaxation exercise, with a duration of around 15 minutes, supported by music that was acceptable to the patients present during the intervention. The second intervention was a guided imagery relaxation exercise, in which the patients were taken through a progressive relaxation and then guided through a set sequence of visualising themselves in a comfortable place. The details of the visualisation were kept quite generic, in order to avoid, if possible, unwanted negative associations with particular imagery, such as, for example, using water in patients who are afraid of water. Therefore, the visualisation placed the patient in their favourite c hair, in their favourite location, looking out of a window onto the sky and the landscape. They are guided to see blue skies, white clouds, rays of sunlight coming through the window, and to feel warm, relaxed and comfortable. A light breeze, warm and gentle, comes through the window. The patients are encouraged to feel very relaxed and comfortable, and to enjoy the sensations they are feeling. The therapeutic relaxation was carried out with patients daily, and there was a mix of patients attending each day. The therapy was carried out in the day room, and only those patients who could mobilise to the day room were included, and obviously, those who wished to join in. The staff were informed about the intention to offer this therapy, and discussion with the lead nurses/key workers for each patient revealed their thoughts about the suitability of the intervention for their patient. Details about each patient that were relevant to the intervention were gathered from the clinical staff, and from the patients themselves and their carers/family members. Having carried out a more detailed literature review meant that I was able to provide a good rationale to staff, patients and carers, and also to discuss the measures I had taken in order to avoid any negative consequences. There were a number of issues which made the implementation of the intervention challenging. The first was the fact that I had to carry this out within the day room that is provided for the patients as no other area is available. This was not exactly appropriate as the lighting is too bright even when the lights are off and the seating is not comfortable. To achieve a good state of relaxation, comfortable seating and subdued lighting is important. Although it was possible to play music, it was not sufficient to drown out other ward noise. Also some patients tended to wander in and out of the area, which couldnt be helped, however it did disturb the group. Feedback from certain patients showed that they did enjoy the relaxation, but they found it hard to achieve deep relaxed states due to the environment in which the intervention was taking place, and due to the disturbances from patients (and staff at times) coming in and out, and from ward noises such as phones ringing. Some patient s found the uncomfortable chairs worse than anything else. What this feedback shows, however, is that given the right environment, this intervention might be somewhat more effective. Patient feedback around the effects of the intervention was mixed. Some patients said they enjoyed it, but did not feel very much different. However, these were patients who also found it difficult to carry on the intervention in their own time, and this lack of significant effect could be related to the interruptions and bad environment, and to their lack of commitment to continuing relaxation exercises on their own. Some patients found it very hard to achieve relaxation at first, but after successive sessions, were able to master the techniques. Two patients (and their carers) provided very positive feedback, stating that they were using progressive muscle relaxation regularly to manage feelings of anxiety, fear, and depression. The literature reflects this finding (Peasley Mikus and Vrana, 2000; Jorm et al, 2004; Knott et al, 1997). I found this to be a very positive result. Feedback from the staff was similarly mixed. Staff were generally positive about the potential benefits of relaxation therapy, but were vocal and quite disparaging about the available facilities and location supporting this kind of intervention. Some expressed their doubts about patients being able to sit and apply the intervention, in certain cases. However, as stated, most were not opposed to the intervention. Feedback from staff, however, did not suggest that they viewed any particular benefit to patients, except in one case, where the patient’s key worker clearly stated that the relaxation techniques had helped with anxiety and depression symptoms. However, one of the negative issues that appeared in feedback from staff, patients and carers was the lack of belief in the ongoing usefulness of such therapies for certain patients, and the difficulty for certain patients, such as those with dementia, to follow the instructions and achieve a true state of relaxation. My evaluat ion of the intervention, however, would be that limiting it to two techniques was the right thing to do. The muscle relaxation alone was effective, but some patients did not tolerate the visualisation well. However, it is difficult to determine how beneficial these interventions might have been, because in my opinion, the negative effects of the poor environment, interruptions, noise and discomfort meant that it was difficult for them to achieve true relaxation. If I had had the facilities to measure physiological markers for a state of relaxation, I could have evaluated just how deep a state was achieved. In the circumstances, I do not believe that deep relaxation was achievable. Reflection on Personal Learning Outcomes My personal learning outcomes for this experience were very much related to my skills in communication with patients, staff and carers, my ability to develop a deeper understanding of a particular approach to supportive, therapeutic intervention in a clinical area, and the ability to apply principles of experiential learning and reflection to the experience in order to prepare for future practice. In relation to the development of communication skills, implementing this intervention required a lot of different types of communication, including communicating the benefits of the interventions to different types of people, patients, some of whom had cognitive or mental health issues, carers, who were lay people without specialist knowledge, and staff, who did have specialist knowledge. This required adaptability to different levels of communication, and good listening and interaction skills to be able to answer their questions appropriately and take their opinions into account prior to the intervention. In relation to the development of a detailed knowledge of a particular intervention, this was achieved through the detailed literature review, through talking to staff, and through carrying out the intervention. I gained a deeper understanding of the practicalities of this kind of intervention, and the environment and circumstances that are most conducive to achieving a state of relaxation. I also learned a lot about the kinds of things that assist in achieving a good state of relaxation, such as making sure everyone is ready, and that they have all been to the toilet and are not hungry or thirsty, and in the case of some patients, not in pain or emotionally distressed, or due to have a dose of medication. I only learned these things through attempting to implement the intervention. In reflecting on the evaluation, the light of the feedback from staff, patients and carers, it was difficult to receive so much negative feedback, and also to understand the reasons for some of this. It was frustrating not to be able to provide an optimal environment for relaxation, and to realise that things might have been better if we could have had a better setting for the intervention. However, the fact that a small number of patients and carers, and one key worker, reported beneficial effects of the intervention, was reassuring. Ideally, for this kind of therapy to be effective, providing the appropriate setting, and support, and building the therapy into daily care activities, and care plans, is important. Providing information for patients and carers on the activity, perhaps in the form of a patient/carer leaflet, would also be useful. Overall, I do believe that the intervention was a small success, and that in the future, with better forward planning and better facilities, it could present an opportunity for significant patient benefit for certain patients. References Conrad, A. and Roth, W.T. (2007) Muscle relaxation therapy for anxiety disorders: it works, but how? Journal of Anxiety Disorders 21 243-264. Filan, S.L. and and Llewellyn-Jones, R.H. (2006). Animal-assisted therapy for dementia: a review of the literature. International Psychogeriatrics, 18 597-611. Galvin, J.A., Benson, H., Deckro, G.R. et al (2006) The relaxation response: reducing stress and improving cognition in healthy aging adults. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice 12 186-191. Gerdner, L.A. (2000). Effects of Individualized Versus Classical â€Å"Relaxation† Music on the Frequency of Agitation in Elderly Persons With Alzheimers Disease and Related Disorders. International Psychogeriatrics, 12 49-65 Hyman, R. B., Feldman, H. R., Harris, R. B., Levin, R. F., Malloy, G. B. (1989). The effects of relaxation training on clinical symptoms: a meta-analysis. Nursing Research, 38(4), 216–220. Jorm, A. F., Christensen, H., Griffiths, K. M., Parslow, R. A., Rodgers, B., Blewitt, K. A. (2004). Effectiveness of complementary and self-help treatments for anxiety disorders. Medical Journal of Australia, 181(7 Suppl.), S29–S46. Knott, V., Bakish, D., Lusk, S., Barkely, J. (1997). Relaxation-induced EEG alterations in panic disorder patients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 11(4), 365–376 Lehrer, P.M. (1978). Psychophysiological effects of progressive relaxation in anxiety neurotic patients and of progressive relaxation and alpha feedback in nonpatients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46(3), 389–404. Lehrer, P. M., Batey, D. M., Woolfolk, R. L., Remde, A., Garlick, T. (1988). The effect of repeated tense-release sequences on EMG and self-report of muscle tension: an evaluation of Jacobsonian and post-Jacobsonian assumptions about progressive relaxation. Psychophysiology, 25(5), 562–569. Marks, I. M. (2002). The maturing of therapy. Some brief psychotherapies help anxiety/depressive disorders but mechanisms of action are unclear. British Journal of Psychiatry, 180, 200–204. Murray, L.L. (2008) The Application of Relaxation Training Approaches to Patients With Neurogenic Disorders and Their Caregivers. Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders 18 90-98. OConnor, D.W., Ames, D., Gardner, B and King, M. (2008) Psychosocial treatments of behavior symptoms in dementia: a systematic review of reports meeting quality standards. International Psychogeriatrics, Published online by Cambridge University Press 25 Sep 2008 Available from http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?aid=2324948 Accessed 8-1-09. Ost, L. G. (1987). Applied relaxation: description of a coping technique and review of controlled studies. BehaviourResearch and Therapy, 25(5), 397–409. Peasley-Miklus, C., Vrana, S. R. (2000). Effect of worrisome and relaxing thinking on fearful emotional processing. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38(2), 129–144. Sellers, D.M. (2005) The Evaluation of an Animal Assisted Therapy Intervention for Elders with Dementia in Long-Term Care . ctivities, Adaptation Aging: 30 (1) 61 77 Staal, J.A., Sacks, A., Matheis, R. et al (2007) The Effects of Snoezelen (Multi-Sensory Behavior Therapy) and Psychiatric Care on Agitation, Apathy, and Activities of Daily Living in Dementia Patients on a Short Term Geriatric Psychiatric Inpatient Unit. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 37 (4) 357 370 Yu, D.S.F., Lee, D.T.F. and Woon, J. (2007) Effects of relaxation therapy on psychologic distress and symptom status in older Chinese patients with heart failure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 62 427-437.

Cry Freedom :: essays research papers

Cry Freedom Cry freedom is a real life drama recorded as a movie. The movies main character is steve biko (played by the actor Denzel Washington), a man in his early thirties who has the ability to lead his people; the blacks againt the South African injustices. He’s most recognised point or view was „we don’t want to be forced into your society...I’m not going to be what you want me to be.'; Biko was able to show what apartheid has done when he meets a white journalist by the name of Donald Woods. He was a white who was strongly againts ‘supremacy’ as he beleived that it built a wall of hatred which infact apartheid was causing. Woods slowly gives awarness of the apartheid’s violent side through the submission of photographs of a ghetto being attack by South African police into the newspaper he is the editor of. At a sad note Biko is arrested on his way to a rally and is beaten to death in custody; the governmen announces he’s death as a ‘hunger strike’. Donald Woods is deeply outraged and shocked. He goes to see the body and takes photographs of the beaten body and plans to smuggle the photo’s out of the country which includes a plan of him diskized as a preast and the escape of his family. Before that he was placed on house arrest as Biko was through with his revolutionary era of speaches. My personal response to the apartheid issue is that im simply tottally against that because it cause discrimination and stronger racism. But I guess that strong racism within a certain community caused apartheid. The incidnts that were occuring in South Africa were absolutly discracfull to how a country was behaving in the eyes of the world. I believe that preventing South africa from participating from olympic and sporting events as well as trade relations was a very good initiative taken by world commitee’s. „Black deaths in custody'; ‘Black deaths in custody’ was a story presented by ABC’s four courners. The story is mainly about Aboriginal deaths in Western Australia during a period of 1980 to the 1990’s. As a reporter states at the beginning of the report a 17 year old aboriginal boy was killed by police officers as said but the case was seen as a sort of an accident. The local out rage by the aboriginal community was devastating; the pub was attacked with steel rods used for the local railway, then looted and futher more distroyed.

Eriksons’s Psychosocial Theory Essay -- trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs

Janice has led a full life; she has had many different kinds of experiences and had to fill many roles. In order to better understand how the current status of Janice would be the disengagement theory. There have been many events that have impact Janice’s ability to be involved in the community around her. Some of the events that have caused this would be: her first marriage, depression, her physical health and the deaths of her family members. Using theories Of Erikson’s theory of the stages of development, Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs and the strengths perspective. The impact of these events on Janice’s life can be seen. Along with looking at events that have had an impact in Jancie’s life, there have also been relationships that played a role. Those relationships can be with family or just social interactions gained from groups or employment. If a person’s needs are not met it is hard to function well and see life positively, One theory that helps with discovering how someone sees their life is Eriksons’s Psychosocial Theory. The theory has several stages that happen at different points through life, some people may experience them differently but the process is still present. The stages are: trust vs mistrust, autonomy versus shame and doubt, Initiative versus guilt, industry versus inferiority, identity versus role confusion, intimacy versus isolation and generatively versus stagnation. Each of these had a profound impact on Janice’s life and played a role in how she sees herself. During Janice’s early years were positive and she had a good set of parents who cared for her giving her a good start for life. She was able to grow and learn and gained the necessary independence, learning how to do things for herself. In her life... ...tate and self-management of widows. Nursing & Health Sciences, 14(1), 109-120. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2018.2011.00656.x McDonald, P. W., & Dickerson, S. (2013). Engendering Independence While Living With Purpose: Women's Lives After Leaving Abusive Intimate Partners. Journal Of Nursing Scholarship, 45(4), 388-396. doi:10.1111/jnu.12044 Song, L., & Shih, C. (2010). Recovery from partner abuse: the application of the strengths perspective. International Journal Of Social Welfare, 19(1), 23-32. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2397.2008.00632.x Thielke, S., Harniss, M., Thompson, H., Patel, S., Demiris, G., & Johnson, K. (2012). Maslow's Hierarchy of Human Needs and the Adoption of Health-Related Technologies for Older Adults. Ageing International, 37(4), 470-488. doi:10.1007/s12126-011-9121-4 Zastrow, C., & Kirst-Ashman, K. (2013). Understanding human behavior in the social enviroment.

Aristotle and the Techne of Rhetoric Essay -- History Aristotle Essays

Aristotle and the Techne of Rhetoric Between the third and fifth centuries B.C. there existed a â€Å"golden and classical age† of thought in the ancient world, with the majority of this activity centered in the polis of Athens, Greece. Although the city is historically recognized for its legendary conflict with rival polis Sparta, Athens is perhaps best known for the creation of democracy—that noble political experiment that laid the preliminary structure for most of the rights we Americans enjoy today. First among these rights was the freedom of speech. Each Athenian citizen (meaning male land owners numbering around five thousand) met regularly in public forums (in an open-air auditorium called the Pnyx) to discuss laws and issues. Each man had a voice in the matter, and his success in dissuading or persuading his audience meant the action Athens would potentially take. So outstanding rhetoric, and the study, teaching, and delivery of it, became the center of attention among the Athenians; democracy meant individual empowerment, and good rhetoric meant the power to make change. The first notable scholars to take on the challenge of analyzing and teaching the art of rhetoric were Isocrates, Socrates, and later, Plato. Plato soon created an academy in Athens, appropriately called the Plato Academy that attracted men who were interested in the art. One of the first students was Aristotle, who like Plato, had a lasting effect not only on the study of rhetoric, but the discipline itself. Aristotle was born in 384 BC at Stagirus, a Greek colony and seaport on the coast of Thrace. His father, Nichomachus, was a respected physician to the King Amyntas of Macedonia. This connection with the royal family served Aristotle we... ...tain an audience in an effort to create change. So no, technology is not always simply a machine spitting out rivets or a computer humming away in some lab somewhere. It can be, as Aristotle argues, found in the logic of the human mind; for the mind is, and will always be, humankind’s greatest techne. Works Cited Aristotle. On Rhetoric: A Theory of Civic Discourse. Ed. G. A. Kennedy. Oxford: New York, 1991. â€Å"Aristotle (384 – 322 BCE.) Overview† The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Available Online: www.utm.edu/research/iep/a/aristotl.htm. Accessed: 12 Feb. 2003. Foss, S.K. Rhetorical Criticism; Exploration and Practice. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland, 1996. Newbold, Dr. Webster. â€Å"Review of ‘Understanding technology’ Unit: Writing and Technology.† Available online: www.bsu.edu/web/00wwnewbold /213/213unit1review.htm. Accessed: 11 Feb. 2003.

Assimilation the Risk of Losing Culture and Identity Essay

Blacks should not assimilate with the popular dominant culture but instead maintain their own sense of cultural heritage. The black person who makes the choice to integrate into the dominating culture really must be honest with his or her self and admit that all their pronouncements of concern for the welfare of the black community take a backseat to their personal desire to assimilate. These black people are more of a role model to other black people on how to assimilate or integrate into the colorless and racially generic whole of American culture that just so happens to be controlled and dominated from the white community. Although it may sound wonderful to hear someone say that they don’t notice people’s skin color, reality says that people notice color all the time. The pressure placed on blacks by the dominant culture forces them to move toward assimilation hooks urges. ell hooks states that â€Å"One of the most tragic manifestations of the pressure black people feel to assimilate is expressed in the internalization of racist perspectives† (227). Young blacks need to realize that conforming to the dominant culture is not necessary to exist within it. hooks says that â€Å"It is crucial that those among us who resist and rebel, who survive and succeed, speak openly and honestly about our lives and the nature of our personal struggles† (221). In order to resist assimilation black people as a hold need to be more open and honest about the struggles that take place striving for education and success, those who have blazed the trail need to reach back and help those striving to get there. An excellent job is done by hooks in getting the point across about assimilations effects, and also gives those who have chosen to assimilate something to think about, what cost is one willing to pay, is one willing to break family ties and friendship because of the pressure from the dominant culture to assimilate. The pressures of trying to maintain family and community ties and succeeding in life are difficult, these issues gives us some groundwork to fix some of the problems. While it is difficult to achieve education and success while keeping community ties it is possible, hooks says that â€Å"The most powerful resource anyone can have to study and teach in university settings is full understanding and appreciation of the richness, beauty, and primacy of our familial and community backgrounds† (228). ooks has some very valid points, everyone has to look at them and put them into perspective on how it can fit into their lives. There is not one right answer or solution to this problem, everyone has to search within to find a solution, but those whom have traveled on this road less taken have an obligation to teach those who follow. It is imperative to let the youth know that their struggles for identity and success or not in vein and show them that they are appreciated within the comm unity. Without the bounding and nourishment needed to continue the ties, youth will continue to choose to assimilate and take the easy road with less pressure and headaches to deal with. Blacks could better serve the community by assimilating to the dominant culture forces, the melting-pot theory. This view is advantageous to both a government and its people. It is believed that the nation has reached its present state of development because it has been able to forge one national identity. Separating citizens by ethnicity or race and providing special privileges to Blacks can be harmful, where assimilation tends to put everyone on an even playing field. By keeping ties to community and family Blacks draw attention to differences and the dominant culture fosters resentment towards their culture. Blacks in society that make a full effort to be incorporated into the mainstream naturally reciprocate the benefits and approval from mainstream America. Blacks become successful by shedding their cultural heritage and adopting the ways of the popular dominant culture. Typically Blacks absorbed by the ways of the host society, while loosening to varying degrees their connection to their native culture become highly successful. Through this process Blacks are accepted into society and become a part of the dominant culture and national unity is retained. Works Cited: Assimilation: Does it hurt Black people? (2007) Retrieved on 2/10/2008, from www. topix. com/forum/afam/TPIKF7CB1VN57ONEJ Bell Hooks (2000), Where We Stand: Class Matters, By Routledge

Case Study on Launch of Water Park Essay

The International Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions (IAAPA) announced Asian Attractions Expo (AAE) 2014 will take place at the China National Convention Center (CNCC) in Beijing 17-20 June 2014. Since 1997, Asian Attractions Expo has been the premier international trade show and conference for the multibillion-dollar leisure and attractions industry in Asia. â€Å"IAAPA is looking forward to bringing Asian Attractions Expo to China,† IAAPA Vice President, Asia Pacific Operations Andrew Lee said. â€Å"The attractions industry within China is growing at a rapid pace with several attractions recently completed and a number of other major amusement parks in development, making its capital city, Beijing, a logical choice to host AAE 2014. † â€Å"Beijing’s experience as host to the 2008 Olympic Games, its area tourist attractions, and its history and diverse culture make it a perfect backdrop for Asian Attractions Expo, the attractions industry’s fastest growing trade show and conference in the region,† said IAAPA President and CEO Paul Noland. Owners, operators, manufacturers, and suppliers will conduct business, learn, and network More than 5,000 attractions industry professionals from more than 60 nations are expected to participate in the event. The trade show floor will showcase products from more than 250 companies from around the world in more than 100 categories, including amusement and theme park rides; architectural and design services; and coin-operated games, skill games, and redemption prizes. The trade show floor is the place for CEOs, directors, general managers and senior managers of amusement and theme parks, water parks, zoos, aquariums, museums, family entertainment centers, casinos and resorts to experience what’s new in the attractions industry and purchase attractions and services to enhance the guest experience and increase revenue at their facilities. The event will include education sessions related to safety, operations, and management presented by worldwide industry leaders in each discipline. Session discussions will center on industry trends and best practices, and throughout the week participants will network with colleagues to strengthen longtime business relationships and establish new partnerships. WWA offers webinar on Affordable Care Act BY AMUSEMENT TODAY | FEBRUARY 25, 2013 The World Waterpark Association will broadcast a live webinar on March 6, 2013, at 2 p. m. ET with a session on the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, brought to you by the WWA’s Government Relations Committee and the WWA Insurance Program and its partner agency, Haas & Wilkerson Insurance. The Affordable Care Act: What It Means For Waterpark Operators Healthcare expert Dennis Maggart will deliver a presentation on the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) that was signed into law in 2010. Many of the major changes are scheduled to be enacted on January 1 of 2014. Maggart will speak to World Waterpark Association members on how these new laws may affect your company. The seasonal nature of the waterpark business and the amount of part-time and temporary labor the industry hires makes compliance with many of these new requirements very challenging. This webinar will be very useful in helping you with your compliance and in developing a strategy to deal with these new rules and regulations. Dennis Maggert is President of McInnes Maggart Consulting Group, located in Fairway, Kan. , McInnes Maggart Consulting Group is a strategic partner of Haas & Wilkerson Insurance. There is no cost to attend this webinar. However, space is limited for the live event and turnout is expected to be strong, so register today and sign-in at least 5 minutes before the event begins. To register visit the webinar registraton web page.

Impact of Wikileaks on the Global Political and Economic Landscape Essay

Introduction WikiLeaks website has changed the profession of journalism in the United States and the media perspective with its flow in the information society. The website is a platform that helps unmask all the corruption activities going on in the government offices. Of all the media platforms WikiLeaks is the most famous for the news updates on political matters happening in the states and around the globe. Wilileaks has contributed to several media conflicts especially between the United States and other nations and that is why the government does not support its activities at all. In my essay, I am going to explore the various ways in which WikiLeaks has helped unmask several criminal and corruption activities going on in the country. Although some of its news are a bit compromising to the security and dignity of the nation the platform has given light to the people of the United States of America. Wikileaks is a non-profitable and non-commercial internet platform that was introduced in 2006 by Julia Assage. It relies on online donation for all its functioning and funding. Its main purpose is to upload documents that help expose the government and corporate institutions to the public. These documents are uploaded anonymously by using an online submission form. The importance of this platform is that it has the potential to make known the scale of brutality and violence especially in the military welfare. Political honesty is a virtue that every U S politician should exercise and with the help of Wikileaks they have no option but observe it. In other words, a journalist platform watchdog makes secrets transparent to all and especially those involving the public. Most media organization has tried to view groups like WikiLeaks in several dimensions with most of them considering its concrete actions as one of the online activism and the impacts of its actions. It is important to first note the relationship between the two groups, media and government. In most incidences the media always seems to be conflicting with the government over issues regarding the people. Platforms like WikiLeaks are great threat to the state government especially in issues of corruption and law (Shirky, 2011, p.41). Through their online activism, Anonymous and WikiLeaks groups have their power to â€Å"unmask† power structures like the corrupt police departments in the US, and all the Armison brutality activities. While WikiLeaks has gained fame as a whistle blowing site since its introduction in 2006, its reputation increased when it released the so-called Iraq and Afghanistan war document in 2010. This document contained crucial and important information about the events that took place and the people and nations responsible for the war. The United States government was not happy with the release of these documents as they posed great danger of terror attacks by either Iraq or Afghanistan. These two countries are known for their fierce terrorism activities and interfering with them would be like provoking them. The release of these documents brought about a number of questions concerning the legal implication of journalism freedom with top government officials claiming that too much freedom will lead to misuse of information or misinterpretation of some crucial and sensitive information (Springer, 2014, p.411).Actions of WikiLeaks have affected the media platform in various concrete ways. The likes of Tambini and Lynch have tried to investigate the implication of WikiLeaks work and the measures to regulate the censorship of related sites especially in the UK and US. They argue that whistle blowing organizations should be awarded protection under the law on their ability to â€Å"self-regulate† and â€Å"develop† ethical principles to govern their freedom of publication and decisions they make on their work. The platform poses a great threat to the government and politicians and there are fears that if allowed to continue with its activities it will cause a lot of harm to the U S government by exposing sensitive government secrets to the world. Other nations also feel that WikiLeaks should be restricted on some publications because some of the information it exposes might cause a lot of friction especially between nations. The advancement of WikiLeaks since its establishment up to the publication of the Iraq and Afghanistan document was marked by a degree of media fascination, which made it gain a lot of fame compared to other media platforms. This posed a great threat to the media personalities who felt that WikiLeaks was gaining fame with each passing day making their work very difficult to appeal their audience. Its turnaround moment came in 2010 and continued to 2011 when the organization produced a lot of materials and documents regarding the Iraq war, the Collateral Murder Video and the diplomatic cable. There have been several attempts by media organizations to look down on the role of cites like WikiLeaks and deny them the freedom to post confidential documents although these attempts have not succeeded because the platform is under the media authority which protects all its activities. It also describes itself as a watchdog for the people â€Å"we believe that it is not only the people of the United States who should keep their government honest but also people from other countries† and that is why other countries are also opposing Wikileaks activities. (Pozen, 2013, p.635). We can say that wikiLeaks has played a great role in ensuring that congress does not abuse the powers granted to it and its members. He makes information about organizations that abuse powers granted to them available to the public and so they are aware of what their leaders do this makes leaders very keen on what they do. Anonymous submission of analyzed documents about the various activities going on in public offices and organizations are presented on the WikiLeaks website enabling millions of viewers to have knowledge of what is happening behind the curtains of power. The difference between WikiLeaks and other sites like Wikipedia is that it engages mostly in the political struggles. The use of media has become a trend in the United States making the latter transparent and exposing those who try to abuse office powers granted to them. Today we live in a world where technology is the main aspect to shaping the lives of many people. The internet is now being used as an eye of power to tackle various aspects of crimes performed by leaders especially in third world countries (Coleman, 2014, p.406). Based on various aspects of tradition we can define power as the â€Å"disposition over the means required to influence various processes and decisions in our daily lives.† this means that the power to control several issues like political influences and distribution of resources can be distributed in a more systematic way. Democracy is the only way to ensure there is equal distribution and exercise of both political and cultural powers. Organizations like WikiLeaks exist because we live in an era where political and cultural powers are not exercised fairly as expected. Any government that exercises its powers as expected should not have any worries about organizations set to scan their activities. They should instead be supporting such groups so that they can display their good work on these sites. The United States government highly opposes such organizations like Wikileaks because they are afraid that their dirty linens will be exposed to the public. Analysis shows that the most important element of WikiLeaks is to make the Obama government practice transparency in their works and offices, establish a more transparent, and open government. The platform defines itself as a liberal project that protects the rights of the United States people especially freedom of speech because it strengthens democracy by exposing government corruption. He places his emphasis on documenting government and corporate irresponsibility and abuse of powers. This shows the general public that the corrupt government is the main problem in the world’s economy and is pulling development behind. Instead of improving the livelihood of their nations politicians are busy engaging themselves embezzling funds and resources meant to improve the development of their citizens. There has been an emerging body geared at seeking a framework to examine the works of WikiLeaks and its impact on the current situation in the U S. The widespread use of technology has made his work a success in various ways and has brought a great impact to the world’s economy. Following the publication of the Iraq documents the United States government heavily criticized WikiLeaks work. The government claimed that these documents were a great threat to the security of their country and could put the citizens at a very high risk of terror attacks by the Afghanistan government (Springer, 2014, p.411). The truth about the WikiLeaks documents is that they got the potential and ability to make visible the amount of brutality and violence especially in military horror conflicts during their activities because some use a lot of brutality on their subjects. The site is political based since most of its news come from the political arena, although many view it as a threat to ruling groups and they see it as an enemy. Instead criticizing such cites we should base our efforts in monitoring the governance offered by our political leaders. We should ask ourselves are our political leaders meeting all our demands and expectations. Do they take advantage of the powers granted to them to abuse office? In fact, we should ensure that we capture every activity they undertake so that we can be sure of what they do with our money. They should be aware that the public is watching their every move and be conscious of their actions. There has been a problem with scientists arguing that the journalism powers and freedom granted to these sites are too much and they are using them inappropriately to create biased information. Most leaders are unable to verify the facts stated in the articles because they do not have a strong background. This makes the general public doubt their potential and innocence in the accused incidents. Some of these articles have very confidential information about the government and exposing them is like displaying the secrets of a state. The scientist claims that there should be a certain limit to the freedom of publication of such documents to the internet because they may cause a great damage in future (Gibson 2013, p. 314). In my study, I have explored several things and have learnt that; journalism benefits from a disclosure of the framework in which it is built. A journalism model is bound to directly or in directly affects the model in which leaking of important documents will be exposed to the public. In my opinion, WikiLeaks models are the most effective journalism models since they abide to the entire ethic. Real life cases are always the best examples to handle and solve situations and that is why it is advisable in some situations to leave behind the easy scenarios to get the best outcome to fit in the world. Most critiques of Wikileaks have released their anger by claiming that exposing secret documents will pose great danger to Americans. For instance, if you expose concrete information about a certain terror group the group is bound to take revenge on you by conducting a terror attack on you. Some of the publishers do not look at the possibilities of posing danger to the people but stick to the fact that the public has the right to know what is happening around them regardless of the intensity of the matter. It is therefore advisable that these journalists are cautious of what they publish to the public to avoid any conflicts. I believe that journalists have the right to publish what they want and help the public know about their government on the basis that they abide by the rules put in place to govern their publications. References Curran, G, & Gibson, M 2013, ‘WikiLeaks, Anarchism and Technologies of Dissent’,  Antipode,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   45, 2, pp.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   294-314, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November    2014. Springer, S, Chi, H, Crampton, J, McConnell, F, Cupples, J, Glynn, K, Warf, B, & Attewell, W   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2012, ‘Leaky   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Geopolitics: The Ruptures and Transgressions of WikiLeaks’,  Geopolitics,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   17, 3, pp. 681-711,    Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2014. Youngblood Coleman, D 2014, ‘United States: 2014 Country Review’,  United States Country Review, pp.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1-981, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November   Ã‚  Ã‚   2014. Coleman, DY 2014, ‘Afghanistan’,  Afghanistan Country Review, pp. 2-406, Business Source   Ã‚   Complete,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014. Pozen, DE 2013, ‘The Leaky Leviathan: Why The Government Condemns   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And Condones   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Unlawful Disclosures Of Information’,  Harvard   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Law Review, 127, 2, pp. 512-635,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   November 2014. Shirky, C 2011, ‘The Political Power of Social Media’,  Foreign Affairs, 90, 1, pp. 28-41,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Academic Search   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014.   

Full Time Job Narrative Essay

I had just graduated from high school; a typical Santa Barbara local, with ambitions of attending SBCC. I always did fairly well in school, but was definitely more concerned with how the waves were breaking, instead how of my grades were. That all changed on June 15th. I got a call from a family friend asking if I would be interested in a summer job at a shipping warehouse in Carpinteria. My parents had been nagging me day in and day out to get a summer job, so this seemed so perfect. I accepted the job and my friend let me know I should show up at 7:30 Monday morning for my first day of work. That Monday morning, I woke up late and stumbled out of bed, threw on some clothes and was out the door with no time for breakfast. I will never forget that car ride down to Carpinteria, and the anxious feelings I felt in my stomach. My mind was racing in a million different directions and I really had no idea what I was in for. Pulling up to the warehouse, I remember the cold wind blowing across my face, the distinct smell of ocean heavy in the air, and the flapping of the State Park flags in the distance. The job description my friend gave me over the phone didn’t really stress how labor intensive it would be, so my first day I was in for quite a surprise. All day I was packing and carrying 60-70 lbs packages and not a minute went by where I didn’t regret taking my new job offer. Much to my surprise, my coworkers were all much older than me, and it was somewhat depressing to see people my parents and grandparents age doing such laborious work. One of my coworkers was an older woman named Maria, who sort of acted like the â€Å"mother† around facility. She didn’t speak the best of English, but despite that, we quickly became friends, and shortly thereafter Maria began giving me all sorts of advice and pointers she thought would benefit me in life. Once she found out how old I was, she asked what my plans for school were. I let her know school wasn’t something I was too worried about but that I would be attending City College in the fall. The look on her face was unforgettable. She looked back at me and said â€Å"Sammy, School is the most important thing in your life†. Maria went on to say â€Å"look around you; all these people have sad expressions on their faces. They didn’t have the opportunity you are blessed with. You need to realize school will lead you to a more successful and happy life. â€Å"That day on the drive home I looked out at the ocean and thought how nice it would be to have zero obligations anymore and just be able to hangout at the beach. It was at that moment that I actually realized that any dream is completely unachievable without vision, determination and hard work. After my three months were up, my mindset towards school had completely changed. Maria’s words burned into my head that -I no longer thought of myself as a lazy surfer who just wanted the bare minimum, but rather as a determined young student. School used to seem like an inevitable obstacle you had to endure, but now I truly see the importance and value of an education. While I admired the work ethic of the people I worked with in the warehouse, I know that through higher education, there is better future for me.

Active Living for the Older Person

Active Living for the Older Person Annmarie Leonard Introduction I am required to compile a report on active living in retirement for the older person. I have to include answers to the following four questions: The role of the carer/organisations in promoting positive attitudes to ageing and retirement. Ethnic and cultural influences on the older person in relation to retirement. How health promotion and therapeutic interventions can enhance quality of life for person after retirement. Discuss how family members can be included as partners in care for the older person. The methodology I will be using throughout is the internet, books, library, work experience, personal experience and my own local facilities. I will be referencing throughout and I will have a bibliography at the end. Who is an older person? Who has the right to put an age on it? NOBODY. Each of us are individuals and our daily living is completely different so therefore our level of energy, fitness and so on are also different. We are all un ique in our own ways. Society today has different views on age, some think 40 is old and others say 50 is old, when in actual fact age is only a number. People preparing for retirement should never be made to feel like there life is ending. They need to be supported by their families and friends in order to make the transition from working 5 days a week for the last 40 odd years to having a lot more free time on their hands. A positive attitude towards retirement is a must also and you will find that the fear for these people is quiet strong and may cause them a lot of stress and anguish if they are not supported emotionally and reassured about everything including the bright future that lies ahead for them. The services and activities available in their local area will show them that there life is still well and truly for living. My own area of Edenderry supplies a wide range of activities for not only retiring people but also stuff that there family may want to become involved wit h. My local nursing home Ofalia House runs a day care centre in their premises which supply numerous activities for the older people in the community. These include daily games of bingo which all generations enjoy. I pop along with my nanny every now and then. Arts and Crafts, Pottery and Exercise classes are also available. Some services include a hairdressers at reduced rates so it won’t break the bank. (Ofalia House 2015) Along with what I believe to be an amazing service called â€Å"Meals On Wheels†. (Meals on Wheels 2014) They supply dinners to locals who for whatever reason may not wish to attend the day care facility. This service is very convenient for people and reasonably priced saving them time and money. My local library also runs a chess class for all ages on a Wednesday evening from 7pm-8pm. Arts and Crafts is also on here on a Wednesday morning from 11am-1pm. (Offaly County Council 2014) My local GAA club also runs bingo every Sunday night. This c ould be suitable for people who like to go out of an evening as opposed to playing at the day care centre. Again all the family can join in. (Edenderry GAA 2014) There are also a number of organisations which aid with retirement and other needs for the older person, some of which include Age Action, Bluebird Care, Active Retirement Ireland and Age & Opportunity. These are amazing sites with loads of information for the retiring person their family and also their possible healthcare assistants. It is also the carer’s duty along with the families in order to show encouragement and to be positive about everything. I would also be offering my hand of friendship which in turn will lead to their trust in me and I would take the time to sit and talk about their life experiences through which I have no doubt that I would gain loads of knowledge from and I would value every second that I was in their company. Sometimes all that is needed is a good chat and a cup of tea. They need to be felt valued and that their voice is been heard.

Article Annotations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Annotations - Essay Example The public who are the major focus of the study are the major participants. They are further sub grouped basing on their age, race se occupation and knowledge on the importance of physical activity. In addition, the center for disease prevention and behavioral risk factor surveillance system. These two groups in the study play a pivotal role in reaching out to the people while administering the questioners. They are likely to reach a large number of people for the fact they are already established with a program in place that involves annually data collection. Thus, they just needed to add into their questionnaire a section that focus on physical activity and the level of happiness. The researchers utilizes the qualitative method of study. This was achieved by use of questioners and interaction with the people in the community. A number of variables were used in the study to determine the effect of activity on one’s happiness in different people. Some of the variables involved included sex, age, marital status, occupation, race, and physical wellbeing. Either observation or subjective reporting measures the effect of variables on one’s involvement in physical activity. The study is a qualitative study that utilizes the use of questionnaires to obtain information from the participants. There is also a retrogressive study of the participants to establish the relationship of the variables with their involvement in physical activity and the outcome of the involvement. From the study, it is evident that physical activities plays a great role in promoting ones wellbeing. Apart from keeping the lifestyle diseases at bay, it increases the general happiness in one’s life. This is achieved through mood elevation after a sporting activity and elevated self-esteem from the achievements in the activity. A number of factors

Consulting Scenario Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Consulting Scenario Paper - Essay Example Some of the essential tools for this post include organizing; compiling; and analyzing data. Moreover, a research assistant is usually tasked with additional responsibility of: educating; investigating; coordinating, advising; and maintaining discipline (Chaskin, 2009). The effectiveness of a research assistant will play a significant role in enabling New Horizon to attain its goals. A successful research department acts as an essential factor for the growth of a business. Reason being, it involves activities such as evaluation. Through it, the firms will be able to access its performance and setbacks. Second, through analysis New Horizon will be able to understand their market trends. Furthermore, it will enable them to familiarize with their consumer behaviors. Finally, through collection and organizing information New Horizon will be able to get feedback from their consumers (Minieri & Getsos, 2007). Therefore, Ferguson’s skills as a research assistant will be of great benefit to the success of New Horizon. In conclusion, by providing employment opportunity to skilled persons, businesses are set to increase their performance. Reason being, skilled persons are of great significance to fields of their

Paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 11

Paper 2 - Essay Example On the other hand, compatibilism or soft determinism does not treat freedom and responsibility in isolation. Our actions are determined by the causes we take, and we could be held morally responsible for them. External events such as culture or genetics come into play, but the choice a person makes determine the actions. Therefore, a person should make choices that are consistent with his or her choices in order to become free. According to Frankfurt we have the inherent ability to use our will that enables us to have certain desires and motives. Having the ultimate will helps us to make choices, and that is where our freedom starts. Our choices are based on preconceived thoughts that differ from one person to another. He proposes the idea of second order of desires in human beings. We do not have the same abilities to pursue freedom with animals because they utilize first order desires where they may choose to engage in an activity or leave it altogether. Our freedom emanates from the reflective self-evaluation sessions inspired by second-order desires. The structure of a person is made by the capability to use of will to do the things he or she wants (Frankfurt 415). We are complete as human beings because if the innate capability to act out of our volitions due to second order desires. Frankfurt explains that there some of us who share the characteristics of first order desires and desires of the second orders. The characteristics render us free though our influence may be restricted to a particular extent. People who assumes or utilizes first and second order desires are called wanton. Wanton entails adults, nonhumans, and young children who do have the volition to do what they want. We get ample chances to act the way we feel without resulting into any form of conflict. We have the ultimate choice of acting rationally and deliberately irrespective of whether we have first or second order desires. However, we tend to ignore our strongest inclinations

Brand analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Brand analysis - Essay Example Physicians categorize Advil as an anti-inflammatory drug without steroid content (NSAID). Advil pain reliever is a product manufactured in 1984 by the world’s largest multinational pharmaceutical company known as Pfizer in America (Bixby 1). From 1984 to date, Advil painkiller has faced market competition from other painkiller drugs such as Vanquish and aspirin drugs, with Tylenol being the major competitor in the pharmaceutical market. Advil precipitation drugs have been receiving high demands from local, regional, and international consumers ever since 1984 to 2013. The latter enhances an individual’s perceptions on the positive relieving effects of the ibuprofen products to muscles and body pains. Advil has received numerous endorsements from families, sportsmen and women, and global physicians as the perfect pain reliever in relation to other painkillers in the market. However, the pharmaceutical market research on over-the-counter drugs (Dolcera Conference 51) has proven that, over the Advil’s marketing years in the United States it has met an effective advertisement and sales target, as an outstanding global pharmaceutical product industry. Dolcera provided the market study information on the Advil’s competitive assessment, and advertising study of the prescription drug in the consumer market. From Dolcera Conference analysis by professionals, the compound annual growth of Advil painkiller drug with other OTC drugs in the market, from 2006 to 2014 to be 2.7% with 3.3% of the annual growth between 2006 to 2009, during a constant 2.7% annual growth rate from 2009 to 2014 (Bixby 1). However, new OTC consumer switch approvals from FND, points out Advil painkiller drugs as to receive high pharmaceutical approval over the years from 2007 to date in the consumer markets in USA ("Nurses Drug Alert 63). Advil drug type contains the following ingredients; ibuprofen, pseudoephedrine Hcl and NDA, as to have the highest approval

Comparing hiring and promotions based on Afirmative Actioin against Term Paper

Comparing hiring and promotions based on Afirmative Actioin against senority system - Term Paper Example Guadalupe Alegria was working in a poultry farm since the past twelve years and was a valued employee who was promoted to a managerial position temporarily. Although this had to last for two weeks, it stretched over a year due to which she had to put in extra hours without pay which left her few hours to spend with her friends and family. Later she discovered that she will be given a permanent position and she will also have to train a new manager because of which she is looking for another job. Another example is of Porter Douglas, who was a long term farm mechanic and he expected that he will be promoted to the position of a supervisor. However, an outsider got that job which left him disappointed because of which her job performance was affected and eventually he stopped putting up efforts in his work. (Bailey, Netting & Perlmutter, 2000). The loss of morale and the negative impact on productivity cannot be anticipated by the farmers when such organizational actions take place. Ho wever, an employee feels rejected which leads to dissatisfaction and they feel resentful because of the treatment they receive from the company and various questions come in their minds. In the case of Guadalupe Alegria, she wanted to know the reason why she was made a manager for so long and why was she told that she has been doing a good job when she wasn’t and why is she being replaced by someone else. After Porter was passed over for his promotion, he felt that his boss used an affirmative action trick when he hired a woman for the position of a supervisor. However, even the employees who are promoted and those who are hired from outside the organization come across various challenges that they need to deal with and morale is less likely to drop in cases when the employees know the reason why the management has taken a decision. In cases when the employees are not consulted, difficulties arise. For instance, if an employee is promoted and is made to work with another empl oyee, she might feel punished than being rewarded and same is the case when an employee is promoted to a more difficult job. When making promotion decisions, some companies also focus on seniority and merit considerations while some select the outside applicants for a job without discussing it with the present personnel. (Barker, 2008). Seniority vs. Merit in Promotions The length of service of an employee in a particular position marks seniority and an individual who has worked with an organization for four years is senior than an individual who has worked for two or three years. However, merit refers to worth or excellence and since it is intangible, it is difficult to measure when compared to seniority. For promotion purposes, merit is measured by looking at the relevant qualifications and the past performance of an employee. Promotion by seniority An organization that follows a seniority system, the promotions are given on the basis of the length of service. Japanese companies m ostly follow this system in which an employee joins the organization at a low level after which he is promoted to higher levels. In this system, length of service is the main criteria of moving upwards. However, it counts only within specific work groups and job classifications differ from one group to another. In a farm, all the pickers, tractor drivers and hoers fall in one group while the